Fig. 1: Highly pure precursor materials for PSCs.
From: Materials and methods for cost-effective fabrication of perovskite photovoltaic devices
a Synthesis of δ-FAPbI3 powder at room temperature. b Current density-voltage (J–V) curves of devices based on pre-synthesized FAPbI3 powder and the conventional precursor mixture. c (Upper panel) Front and (lower panel) bottom photos of 1-mL vials with different solvents containing 1 mmol of δ-FAPbI3 at room temperature. d (Upper panel) SEM images and (lower panel) XRD pattern of the aqueous synthesized δ-FAPbI3 perovskite microcrystals (ASPM). e Digital image of kilogram-scale high-yield δ-FAPbI3 powder synthesized at pH lower than 1.9. f J–V curves of the conventional precursor mixture-based (control) and the ASPM precursor-based PSCs. a, b adapted with permission from ref. 85. Copyright 2019 American Chemical Society. c–f adapted with permission from ref. 52. Copyright 2024 The American Association for the Advancement of Science.).
