Fig. 1: South Atlantic benthic foraminiferal δ13C and δ18O records across ETM2 and H2.
From: Warm deep-sea temperatures across Eocene Thermal Maximum 2 from clumped isotope thermometry
The figure shows the δ13C and δ18O measurements of benthic foraminifera N. truempyi (a and b, respectively) and O. umbonatus (c and d, respectively). The offsets in the stable isotopes between the two species suggest species-specific vital effects30. The sites from the Walvis Ridge used for benthic foraminiferal stable and clumped isotope analysis include ODP Sites 1262, 1263, 1265, and 1267. Paleowater depth of these sites ranges from ~1500 to ~3600 m in the order 1263, 1265, 1267, 1262 (shallow to deep)17,67. Maud Rise is represented by ODP Site 690 with a ~2100 m paleowater depth68,69. The stable isotope data are plotted against age following the age models of Stap et al.66 and Westerhold et al.126.
