Fig. 4: Regional- to hemisphere-scale temperature variations and climate forcings through the MCA into the LIA.
From: Unexpected cold season warming during the Little Ice Age on the northeastern Tibetan Plateau
a \({{{{{{\rm{U}}}}}}}_{37}^{{{{{{\rm{K}}}}}}}\) values from Lake Ngoring on NETP (this study; red line is a 3-point running mean). b Composite of Group 2 alkenone-based summer temperature anomalies on the Tibetan Plateau (TP)40. c Tree ring-based annual temperature anomalies on NETP39. d Composite temperature anomalies from China based on multiple proxy-based studies44,45. e Tree ring-based NH summer temperature anomalies21. f Sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) region5. g Relative abundance of hematite-stained grains (%HSGs) in the Labrador Sea marine sediment record18. h Marine-sourced sea salt sodium (Na+) concentrations in the Greenland ice core record49. i North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index51,52. j Winter-spring (December–May) and summer (June–August) insolation at 35°N. Black dashed lines depict long-term linear trends (as derived from linear regressions of each record as a function of time). Gray and blue shading note the timing of the MCA and LIA, respectively.
