Fig. 2: Changes in drought characteristics.

a Spatial patterns of multi-model mean (MMM) changes in drought frequency (left) and ___domain-averaged bar plot for deforestation grids, grids with no significant LULCC, reforestation grids, and all grids (right), with bars denoting the MMM values and error bars denoting the 95% confidence intervals (CIs). b–d Same as (a), but for duration (b), severity (c), and intensity (d). Gray dots in the spatial maps denote significant changes at the p = 0.05 level. Dots are shown every 5 columns and rows for clarity. The values in the lower-left corner denote the land fractions with (significant) positive change, (significant) negative change, and no change, along with the 95% CIs. Asterisks in the bar plot indicate significant changes at the p = 0.05 level. Red boxes in (a) delineate the 9 selected regions.