Fig. 2: Increased expression of CD38 and decreased NAD+ levels in ovaries but not in other tissues in middle-aged mice.
a, Diagram showing NAD+ biogenesis and consumption enzymes. b, RNA-seq data showing the gene transcription levels for NAD+ biogenesis and consumption enzymes in 2-month-old and 8-month-old ovaries. c, Gene transcript analysis by real-time RT‒PCR for some of the key enzymes in the NAD+ biogenesis pathways (Nmnat1, Nmnat2, Nmnat3 and Nampt) and consumption pathways (Cd38 and Parp2) in different organs in 2-month-old and 8-month-old mice (n = 9 or 10 mice for each group). d, Immunoblotting for protein expression of the rate-limiting enzyme in the NAD+ biogenesis (NAMPT) and consumption pathways (CD38 and SIRT1) in different organs of 2-month-old and 8-month-old mice. e, Quantification of the relative expression of each protein calculated as a ratio to GAPDH levels in different tissues from 2-month-old and 8-month-old mice (n = 10 mice for each group). f, CD38 enzyme activities in different organs during aging were detected by an ELISA (n = 8 mice for each group). g, NAD+ levels in different tissues during aging in mice (n = 8 mice for each group). h, CD38 transcript levels in isolated cells from follicle fluid using flow cytometry from young (20–25 years old) and middle-aged (>35 years old) individuals (n = 5 for each gene). i, Inflammation-associated gene expression was determined by real-time RT‒PCR using isolated cells from young and middle-aged individuals (n = 5 for each gene). Data are presented as the mean ± s.e.m. P value was determined by the unpaired two-tailed t-test between the two groups.
