Fig. 5: PAA induces EC senescence through the SASP-epigenetic regulation.
a–g, Immunoblotting represents the expression of IL-6 (b), CaMKII-mediated phosphorylation of HDAC4 at Ser632 (c,d), VCAM1 expression (e), post-transcriptional modifications of eNOS at Ser1177 and Thr495 (f,g) in response to PAA in PECs (n = 6). h, Immunoblots and quantitative plots reveal translocation of HDAC4, represented as decreased expression in the nucleus (left) and increased expression in the cytosol (right) in PECs in response to PAA (n = 5). i, p-HDAC4 immunostaining illustrates HDAC4 phosphorylation, facilitating its translocation toward the cell cytosol in PECs exposed to PAA (n = 6). Scale bar, 50 μm. Data from in vitro cellular experiments represent triplicate biologically independent experiments. Error bars represent s.d. (b–h). P values were calculated using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test (b–g) and a two-tailed unpaired Student’s t-test (h).
