Table 2 Population metrics: patients with Aortic Stenosis (AS) in internal and external validation cohorts.

From: Multi-center retrospective cohort study applying deep learning to electrocardiograms to identify left heart valvular dysfunction

 

Aortic Stenosisa

Normalb

p

Aortic Stenosisa

Normalb

p

Internal testing cohort

External validation cohort

Patients

8883

111,681

 

516

7595

 

Echo-ECG pairs

67,740

517,358

 

2360

29,880

 

Age

78.4 (78.3–78.4)

65.4 (65.3–65.4)

0

78.9 (78.5–79.3)

70.4 (70.2–70.6)

5.6 ×10−195

Gender n (%)

  

3.3 ×10−15

  

0.11

 Male

4610 (51.9%)

59,446 (53.23%)

 

283 (54.84)

3866 (50.9)

 

 Female

4273 (48.1%)

52,235 (46.77%)

 

233 (45.16)

3729 (49.1)

 

Race n (%)

  

0

  

5.0 ×10−24

 American Indian

68 (0.77%)

1192 (1.07%)

 

–

–

 

 Asian

136 (1.53%)

2755 (2.47%)

 

–

23 (0.3%)

 

 Black

431 (4.85%)

9807 (8.78%)

 

53 (10.27%)

1177 (15.5%)

 

 Hispanic

516 (5.81%)

7732 (6.92%)

 

–

128 (1.69%)

 

 Other

721 (8.12%)

11,927 (10.68%)

 

155 (30.04%)

2291 (30.16%)

 

 Pacific Islander

11 (0.12%)

140 (0.13%)

 

–

–

 

 Unknown

3551 (39.98%)

48,393 (43.33%)

 

141 (27.33%)

2282 (30.05%)

 

 White

3449 (38.83%)

29,735 (26.62%)

 

157 (30.43%)

1691 (22.26%)

 

Ventricular Rate

76.6 (76.3–77.0)

78.8 (78.7–78.9)

0

78.9 (77.3–80.4)

80.8 (80.3–81.2)

7.2 ×10−13

Atrial Rate

91.8 (90.5–93.1)

86.9 (86.6–87.2)

0.056

87.2 (83.3–91.2)

89.7 (88.6–90.8)

0.26

PR Interval

177.9 (177.1–178.8)

164.5 (164.2 –164.8)

8.3 ×10−99

179.9 (176.3–183.5)

167.9 (167.1–168.7)

1.0 ×10−88

QTc Interval

460.3 (457.4–463.3)

449.4 (449.2–449.6)

8.6 ×10−110

465.2 (461.6–468.8)

455.8 (454.9–456.7)

2.03 ×10−14

  1. p-values generated using ANOVA for continuous variables and Chi-square test for categorical variables.
  2. aAortic Stenosis: Moderate to severe AS, Severe AS.
  3. bNormal: No AS, Mild/Borderline/Trace AS, Moderate AS.