Table 1 Participant characteristics for full sample set at study baseline

From: Consuming a modified Mediterranean ketogenic diet reverses the peripheral lipid signature of Alzheimer’s disease in humans

 

All (n = 20)

CN (n = 11)

MCI (n = 9)

Age, years

64.3 (6.3)

64.9 (7.9)

63.4 (4.0)

Female Sex

15 (75%)

9 (81.8%)

6 (66.7%)

Black race

7 (35%)

2 (18.2%)

5 (55.6%)

APOE Ɛ4-positive

6 (31.6%)

2 (20%)^

4 (44.4%)

Education, years

16.1 (2.5)

16.5 (2.3)

15.7 (2.9)

BMI, kg/m2

28.4 (5.7)

26.9 (6.2)

30.3 (4.7)

MMSE

28.7 (1.1)

28.9 (1.0)

28.3 (1.2)

Glucose, mg/dL

97.6 (18.3)

93.9 (11.4)

102.1 (24.4)

BHB, mmol/L

0.23 (0.27)

0.35 (0.31)+

0.1 (0.14)+

Insulin, μIU/mL

8.3 (6.1)

5.2 (3.4)+

12.0 (6.8)+

HbA1c, %

5.9 (0.3)

5.9 (0.2)

6.1 (0.4)

Total Chol, mg/dL

215.2 (43.7)

200.5 (42.1)

233.2 (40.6)

HDL Chol, mg/dL

67.4 (25.8)

69.5 (25.8)

64.8 (27.1)

VLDL Chol, mg/dL

20.0 (11.1)

15.2 (6.2)+

25.8 (13.2)+

LDL Chol, mg/dL

121.5 (41.2)

104.1 (45.6)+

142.7 (24.2)+

Triglycerides, mg/dL

99.8 (55.7)

75.5 (30.5)+

129.4 (66.4)+

  1. Table values are mean (SD) or N (%). +Denotes a difference between cognitively normal (CN) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), p < 0.05, using T-test for continuous and Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables. ^APOE genotype information unavailable for one participant. MMSE mini mental status exam score, BMI body mass index, BHB beta-hydroxybutyrate, HbA1c hemoglobin A1c.
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