Fig. 3: LiIn(IO3)4 thermodynamic competition analysis and the corresponding synthesis results.
From: Optimal thermodynamic conditions to minimize kinetic by-products in aqueous materials synthesis
a, The Pourbaix potentials of common competing phases with respect to the energy of LiIn(IO3)4 under conditions A1–A10. The MTC is the negative of the lowest energy of competing reactions. The blue and red shading represent LiIn(IO3)4 and In(IO3)3, respectively, observed as final products under regions of synthesis conditions. b, X-ray diffraction results for syntheses under conditions A1–A10, which are associated with varying lithium concentration, pH and redox potential. c, Scatter plot representing the thermodynamic competition with respect to pH, redox potential and lithium concentration for the synthesis of LiIn(IO3)4. The redox potential is calculated using E⦵(H5IO6/HIO3) = 1.626 V (refs. 40,41). Each scatter point represents one of conditions A1–A10. The stars indicate successful trials (A1–A3), where LiIn(IO3)4 was successfully synthesized. The crosses indicate failed trials (A4–A10), where In(IO3)3 was formed as the final product.
