Fig. 5: Characterization of isolated palladium atoms in TpAzo-CPd COF.

a, High-resolution TEM image and fast Fourier transform of a selected area. b, STEM–EDX elemental mapping analysis of the area shown at the top left. c, SEM images using ESB/SE2 detectors. d, Palladium 3d and Cl 2p XPS spectra.

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