Extended Data Fig. 1: APdE9 mice lacking dLVs show impaired CSF outflow into cLNs but no change in brain ventricle volume.
a–n, Comparison of littermate WT, APdE9, K14 and APdE9;K14 mice. Both female and male mice were used in experiments. CN, cranial nerve; COS, confluence of sinuses; CP, cribriform plate; dcLN, deep cervical lymph node; MMA, middle meningeal artery; PPA, pterygopalatine artery; SC, spinal canal; SSS, superior sagittal sinus; TS, transverse sinus. a, Example of ex vivo imaging of IgG-RPE (red) inside dorsal dLV (green) near COS in a WT mouse after intracranial tracer delivery. b, Analysis of IgG-RPE signal in dcLNs 180 minutes after i.c.v. injection (n = 3,3). IgG-RPE tracer signal values are normalized to average of WT group. LN values represent an average of both sides (left and right) amaximum one LN per side per mouse was used in quantification. c, Quantification of ventricle volumes imaged with MRI in 8-month-old mice (n = 7,7 for females and n = 13,13 for males) d, Experimental schedule for panels (e-n) and simplified schematic illustration of dLVs (green) attached to the basal and dorsal cranium and spinal canal after removal of the brain and spinal cord. Areas visualized in panels (e-n) are indicated with boxes. e-n, Comparison of dLVs (white) around (e, f) COS, (g, h) PPA, (i, j) SC, (k, l) external ethmoidal artery next to cribriform plate, and (m, n) CN II-VI region in 6-month-old mice (n = 5,5). Yellow arrowheads point to different dLV branches. White arrows point to direction of cribriform plate. Pineal gland is excised from the middle of COS in (e) to visualize all dLVs. Data shown are representative of at least two independent experiments using littermate mice. Datapoints shown in graphs represent individual mice. P values were calculated using (b, f, h, j, l, n) unpaired two-tailed t-test and (c) two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test for multiple comparison. Data are presented as mean values ± s.e.m. Scale bars: 10 µm (a), 100 µm (k), 200 µm (g, i, m), and 400 µm (e).
