Table 2 Frequency of mutated alleles at intended and MS45 off-target sites in T0 plants regenerated after delivery of Cas9 and gRNAs as DNA vectors or RNP complexes.

From: Genome editing in maize directed by CRISPR–Cas9 ribonucleoprotein complexes

Target site

Cas9 and gRNA delivery method

Plants analysed

Plants with mutated alleles

Plants with biallelic mutations

MS45

DNA

940

38 (4.0%)

29 (3.1%)

MS45 off-site

DNA

940

19 (2.0%)

4 (0.4%)

MS45

RNP

1,880

70 (3.7%)

9 (0.5%)

MS45 off-site

RNP

1,880

0 (0.0%)

0 (0.0%)

LIG

RNP

756

73 (9.7%)

7 (0.9%)

MS26

RNP

756

18 (2.4%)

2 (0.3%)