Fig. 4: MiR-375 overexpression promotes proliferation, invasion, and migration and inhibits apoptosis via the PTPN4-STAT3 pathway.

a qRT-PCR was performed to measure the mRNA expression of PTPN4 post PTPN4 and/or miR-375 overexpression. b CCK-8 and c EdU incorporation assays were conducted to test the proliferation of DU145 and PC-3 cells in response to overexpression of miR-375 and/or PTPN4. d Transwell and e wound-healing assays were performed to determine the migration and invasion of DU145 and PC-3 cells in response to overexpression of miR-375 and/or PTPN4. f Apoptosis analysis of DU145 and PC-3 cells in response to miR-375 and/or PTPN4 overexpression. g Western blotting was conducted to evaluate p-STAT3, PTPN4, EMT- and apoptosis-related markers of DU145 and PC-3 cells in response to overexpression of miR-375 and/or PTPN4. h GSEA using the data deposited in the TCGA database suggested that PTPN4 negatively regulated the JAK-STAT pathway. NC: cells stably transfected with pSUPER-RETRO-Puro-empty vector and transiently transfected with pcDNA3.1-empty vector. PTPN4: cells stably transfected with pSUPER-RETRO-Puro-empty vector and transiently transfected with pcDNA3.1-PTPN4 recombinant vector. MiR-375: cells stably transfected with pSUPER-RETRO-Puro-miR-375 recombinant vector and transiently transfected with pcDNA3.1-empty vector. MiR-375 + PTPN4: cells stably transfected with pSUPER-RETRO-Puro-miR-375 recombinant vector and transiently transfected with pcDNA3.1-PTPN4 vector.