Fig. 4: Assessment of an Na+ channel drug (lidocaine) by the EMS model.

a Typical extracellular potential and mechanical beating signals of cardiomyocytes under lidocaine treatment at different concentrations (1.23 μM, 3.7 μM, 11.1 μM, 33.3 μM, 100 μM). b Statistical analysis of feature parameters of extracellular potential signals under lidocaine treatment at five different concentrations. c Statistical analysis of the feature parameters of mechanical beating signals under lidocaine treatment at five different concentrations. d Statistical analysis of feature parameter EMS signals under lidocaine treatment at five different concentrations (n = 4)