Fig. 1: P4HB enrichment in GSCs is associated with stemness and poor prognosis.

A–C Kaplan–Meier survival curves for patients with glioma from the TCGA, CGGA, and REMBRANDT datasets, stratified by high and low expression of P4HB. P-values were calculated using the log-rank test and Wilcoxon test. D UMAP plot showing the clustering of different cell types within the GBM patients’ tissues, and the expression levels of P4HB across different cell clusters. E–G Relative mRNA expression levels of P4HB in X01, 448, and 83 GSCs, respectively, were measured by qRT-PCR after shRNA-mediated knockdown of P4HB. Data are presented as means ± SD, n = 3, ***P < 0.001, t-test. H Western blot analysis of P4HB, NESTIN, and SOX2 protein levels in X01 GSCs after shRNA-mediated knockdown of P4HB, α-tubulin was used as a loading control. I Limit-dilution assay for sphere-forming capacity in X01 GSCs following shRNA-mediated knockdown of P4HB. Log fraction without spheres is plotted against the number of initial cells per well. **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, t-test. J Western blot analysis of P4HB, NESTIN, and SOX2 protein levels in 448 GSCs after shRNA-mediated knockdown of P4HB, α-tubulin was used as a loading control. K Limiting dilution assay for sphere-forming capacity in 448 GSCs following shRNA-mediated knockdown of P4HB. **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, t-test. L Western blot analysis of P4HB, NESTIN, and CD44 protein levels in 83 GSCs after shRNA-mediated knockdown of P4HB, α-tubulin was used as a loading control. M Limiting dilution assay for sphere-forming capacity in 83 GSCs following shRNA-mediated knockdown of P4HB. **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, t-test.