Fig. 7

The role of EVs on the therapy of lung fibrosis. a A schematic representation of the animal experiment. On Day 1, mice received an intratracheal administration of bleomycin (BLM; 1-2 mg/kg body weight). On Day 7, all mice underwent micro-CT imaging and were randomly assigned to three groups (n = 3 per group). On Day 8, mice were treated via nebulization with hUCMSC-EVs or L929-EVs (2.5 × 10⁷ particles) or an equivalent volume of saline solution. On Day 22, micro-CT imaging was performed again to assess fibrosis changes at the same anatomical locations before and after treatment. b Representative micro-CT images on the same cross-section of lungs from all mice at the 7th day post-injury and at the 22th day after BLM-challenge. Two repeats were presented. c An illustration of the alterations in lung volumes observed in response to therapeutic interventions. Lung volumes were calculated both before and after treatment. A negative value indicates a decrease in lung volume post-treatment. (n = 3). d Stem-loop PCR analysis of the relative mRNA levels of miR-486-5p in mouse lung tissues. e Representative flow cytometry pseudo color plots showing expression of Siglec-F, CD11b, and CD206 in alveolar macrophages from different groups of mice. f Proportions of Siglec-F+, CD11b+ macrophage from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. g Proportions of Siglec-F+, CD11b+ and CD206 macrophage from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. h Proportions of Siglec-F-, CD11b+ macrophage from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Quantitative PCR analyses for the relative mRNA levels of IL-10 (i), MMP13 (j), HGF (k), and SPP1 (L) in the alveolar macrophages of mice