Fig. 4: β-endorphin neutralization in the mPFC blocks the antidepressant-like actions of ketamine. | Translational Psychiatry

Fig. 4: β-endorphin neutralization in the mPFC blocks the antidepressant-like actions of ketamine.

From: The endogenous opioid system in the medial prefrontal cortex mediates ketamine’s antidepressant-like actions

Fig. 4

A Schematic timeline of intra-mPFC anti-β-endorphin neutralizing antibody pretreatment, ketamine treatment, and behavioral testing. Intra-mPFC anti-β-endorphin neutralizing antibody pretreatment blocks (B) the reduction in immobility time in the FST (ketamine x antibody interaction: F(1, 25) = 7.922, p = 0.0094), C the increase in sniffing time in the FUST (interaction: F(1,25) = 4.922, p = 0.0358), D the trend-level reduction of latency to feed in the NSFT induced by ketamine (interaction: F(1, 25) = 3.800, p = 0.0626), without affecting locomotor activity (interaction: F(1, 25) = 0.7801, p = 0.3855) (E). Two-way ANOVA followed by Sidak’s post hoc test. n = 7 for IgG/SAL, n = 8 for IgG/KET, n = 7 for Ab/SAL, n = 7 for Ab/KET. Post hoc significant effects indicated as: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01. ns nonsignificant, IgG control IgG, Ab anti-β-endorphin neutralizing antibody, FST forced swim test, FUST female urine sniffing test, NSFT novelty suppressed feeding test, LMA locomotion.

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