Abstract
Upon genotoxic stresses, cells employ various DNA damage responses (DDRs), including DNA damage repair or apoptosis, to safeguard genome integrity. However, the determinants among different DDRs choices are largely unknown. Here, we report angiopoietin-like protein 8 (ANGPTL8), a secreted regulator of lipid metabolism, localizes to the nucleus and acts as a dynamic switch that directs DDRs towards apoptosis rather than DNA repair after genotoxin exposure. ANGPTL8 deficiency alleviates DNA damage and apoptosis in cells exposed to genotoxins, as well as in the liver or kidney of mice injured by hepatic ischemia/reperfusion or cisplatin treatment. Mechanistically, ANGPTL8 physically interacts with Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1), in a PARylation-independent manner, and reduces the fluidity of PARP1-DNA condensates, thereby enhancing the pro-apoptotic accumulation of PARP1 and PAR chains on DNA lesions. However, the transcription of ANGPTL8 is gradually decreased following genotoxin treatment, partly due to downregulation of CCAAT enhancer binding protein alpha (CEBPA), presumably to avoid further cytotoxicity. Together, we provide new insights by which genotoxic stress induced DDRs are channeled to suicidal apoptosis to safeguard genome integrity.

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Data availability
All data relating to this study are included in the main text, figures, supplementary materials or available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. Databases used in this study include Human Protein Atlas (https://www.proteinatlas.org), JASPAR (https://jaspar.genereg.net), hTFtarget (http:// bioinfo.life.hust.edu.cn/hTFtarget), Human TFBD 3.0 (http://bioinfo.life.hust.edu.cn/ HumanTFDB), as well as prediction tools for NLS (NLS Mapper (keio.ac.jp) and NES (LocNES NES prediction tool by Chook Lab (swmed.edu))
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Acknowledgements
We thank Drs. Xue-feng Chen and Qiang Chen from Wuhan University for reagents, technical help and stimulating discussions. We appreciate the technical support provided by the Huazhong University of Science & Technology Analytical & Testing center, as well as the Medical Sub-center of Analytical & Testing center of the Huazhong University of Science & Technology.
Funding
This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2023YFC2507900, 2022YFA0806100), the Natural Science Foundation of China (82273838 & 31971066), and the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province (2021CFA004), and also by the Tongji-Rong Cheng Biomedical Center.
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JY, Y Zhang, and KH designed the research and analyzed the data; JY, Y Zhang., SW, QS, Y Xie, JW, Y Zhou, and ZZ performed the experiments; Y Xiao, X Li, HC, X Liu, LX, HY, DH, LZ, and Y-H Zhang provide technical assistance of in vitro experiments or animal models; JY, RBP, Y Zhang and KH wrote the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final paper.
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Yang, J., Wan, Sy., Song, Qy. et al. Angiopoietin-like protein 8 directs DNA damage responses towards apoptosis by stabilizing PARP1-DNA condensates. Cell Death Differ 32, 672–688 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41418-024-01422-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41418-024-01422-2