Fig. 6: BNIP3 expression is regulated by p38 and JNK under hypoxia.

a HaCaT cells were exposed to hypoxia (2%) and incubated for the indicated times, and total proteins were harvested for detection of the expression of BNIP3 and the activities of p38/MAPK and JNK/MAPK. HIF-1α was used as an indicator of hypoxia. GAPDH was used as the loading control. b–e HaCaT cells were exposed to hypoxia (2%) for 6 h. The SB203580 (SB, 5 μM) and SP600125 (SP, 5 μM) MAPK inhibitors were added 1 h before hypoxia exposure. b The extracted proteins were then immunoblotted with the indicated antibodies. HIF-1α was used as an indicator of hypoxia. GAPDH was used as the loading control. Fluorescence staining of BNIP3 (c), and LC3 expression (d) in HaCaT cells are shown. Nuclei were stained with DAPI. Scale bar = 25 μm. e Wound-healing assays and f single-cell motility assays were performed using the indicated cells. Representative images of wound healing, including keratinocyte trajectories. Scale bar = 100 μm. The results of quantitative analysis (g) are represented by the mean ± SEM (n = 3). ^*P < 0.05 vs. Norm group, and ^#P < 0.05 vs. Hypo group