Fig. 3: CPCs-Ex stimulate the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway and its phosphorylation.

H9C2 cells were collected at 12, 24, and 48 h after infected with CVB3. a Protein levels of Akt, mTOR, p70S6K, and 4EBP1 were suppressed by CVB3 in control groups compared with sham and promoted by CPC-EX in Exo groups compared with control groups at 12 and 24 h (mean ± SEM, n = 3, one-way ANOVA). b Phosphorylation levels of Akt, mTOR, and p70S6K were suppressed by CVB3 infection and promoted by CPC-EX treatment (mean ± SEM, n = 3, one-way ANOVA). *P < 0.05 vs. Control