Fig. 7: ZEB1 is a possible downstream factor of HIF1α.

A ChIP assay detected the relative enrichments of DNA bound to ZEB1 promoter at six binding sites in Huh7 and Hep3B cells treated with CAF-CM as well as correspongding HIF1α knockdown cells. Mean ± SD, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, compared with the tumor control group. #p < 0.05, ##p < 0.01, compared with the CAF-CM group. B Pearson correlation analysis showed that HIF1A was positively correlated with the expression of ZEB1 in 69 HCC samples (r = 0.4560, p < 0.0001). C The migration and invasion abilities of ZEB1-overexpressing HIF1α knockdown (ZEB1-shHIF1α) Huh7 cells treated with hCCL5 (100 ng/ml) were detected by transwell assay. Scale bar: 50 μm. N = 5 per group. Mean ± SD, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, compared with Huh7 + hCCL5 group. ##p < 0.01, compared with the Huh7shHIF1α + hCCL5 group. D ZEB1 was knocked down in Huh7 and Hep3B cells pretreated by CAF-CM or not, and the expression of HIF1α and EMT markers was detected using western blotting. E ZEB1 expression in cancer tissues and matched tumor-adjacent tissues of 20 liver cancer patients was detected by western blotting. F Survival analysis showed overall survival of patients with high and low levels of ZEB1 expression (P = 0.0134, log-rank test, https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000148516-ZEB1/). G Graphical illustration of the mechanism by which CAF-derived CCL5 inhibited the ubiquitination degradation of HIF1α and up-regulated the downstream ZEB1 to promote liver cancer metastasis.