Fig. 5: PHF14 promotes TGF-β-induced colony formation, invasion and migration of LAD cells in vitro.

a, b Representative images and quantification of colony formation assays on A549 and PC9 cells with indicated treatments. c, d Representative images and quantification of invading cells in five random fields of matrigel-coated transwell assays performed on A549 and PC9 cells with indicated treatments. e, f Representative micrographs and quantification of wound healing assays performed on A549 and PC9 cells with indicated treatments. Images were photographed 24 h after wounds were scratched using pipette tips. g, h Representative images and quantification of colony formation assays performed on Calu3 and HCC827 cells with indicated treatments. i, j Representative images and quantification of invading cells in five random fields of matrigel-coated transwell assays performed using Calu3 and HCC827 cells with indicated treatments. k, l Representative micrographs and quantification of wound healing assays performed on Calu3 and HCC827 cells with indicated treatments. Images were photographed 24 h after wounds were scratched using pipette tips. PHF14, SMAD7 or shRNA of DNMT3B were ectopically stably transduced into indicated cells using lentiviral vectors. Prior to the cell functional assays, cells were pre-treated with TGF-β1 at final concentration of 5 ng/mL for 24 h, and this treatment was sustained throughout the assays (a–l). Scale bar: 100 μm (c, i), 300 μm (f, l). Error bars represent means ± SD derived from three independent experiments. Two-way ANOVA multiple comparison analysis was used for statistical analysis. **P < 0.01.