Fig. 1: The connotation of pan-lipotoxicity.

The conditions shown are representative examples; associations between pan-lipotoxicity and other diseases are not limited to those depicted. TG triglyceride, FFA free fatty acid, HDL high-density lipoprotein, LDL low-density lipoprotein, sdLDL small dense low-density lipoprotein, RLP remnant-like lipoprotein, TNF-a tumor necrosis factor-alpha, RNA ribonucleic acid, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, MASLD metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.