Fig. 4

Structural characterization of IrHNC. a, b Low-resolution TEM images of IrHNC. Inset is the corresponding particle size distribution of the Ir nanoparticles. c High-resolution TEM image of IrHNC. d Elemental mapping (purple: carbon, green: nitrogen, cyanic blue: iridium). e Ir LIII-edge XANES spectra of IrNP, IrO2, and IrHNC, respectively. f Fourier transform (FT) of the Ir LIII-edge EXAFS spectra of IrNP, IrO2, and IrHNC, respectively. Scale bars: a 200 nm, b 40 nm, c 3 nm, d 100 nm