Fig. 3: Seasonality of multiple carbon export pathways.
a Stock of particulate organic carbon (POC) and small-particle chlorophyll (Chls) in MLDbio. b Flux of large-particle POC (blue bars) and chlorophyll (green bars) in a 100-m bin below MLDbio, derived from bbl and Chll respectively (see Methods). c Continuous flux of small slow-sinking particles (slowly accumulating on the transmissometer window; red bars) and pulsed flux of large fast-sinking particles (creating discontinuities in transmissometer records; blue bars) measured by the optical sediment trap (OST) at ~300 m (see Methods). Panels b and c show two complementary approaches to characterise the BGP. d POC export driven by two particle injection pumps (PIPs): the mixed layer pump (MLP, brown bars) and the eddy subduction pump (ESP, yellow bars). In all panels, bars represent a 10-d median of the stock or flux. The length of the error bars represents the interquartile range (see Methods). Similarly to Fig. 2, triangles on top of panel a mark the timing of onset (first positive net phytoplankton accumulation), climax (maximum accumulation) and apex (maximum phytoplankton carbon stock) for each bloom, following the method in Uchida et al.68 (see Methods).
