Fig. 1: Bragg coherent X-ray diffraction imaging and CXD pattern-based analysis of chiral nanoparticles.

a Schematic illustration of the BCDI of 432 helicoid III. A focused coherent X-ray was illuminated on 432 helicoid III. The CXD patterns were measured at the Au (200) Bragg reflection with sample rotation along the rocking curve. b SEM image of 432 helicoid III NPs showing the cubic outline and chiral gap structures (Scale bar: 200 nm). c Measured 3D CXD patterns of 432 helicoid III. d Calculated stereographic pole figure projection of the CXD pattern. The {100}, {111}, and {110} points indicated fourfold, threefold, and twofold symmetry, respectively.