Fig. 1: Phylogeny and population structure of Capsicum accessions.

a Geographical distribution of the core pepper accessions (after taxonomy correction). The size of the pie corresponds to the total number of accessions from the selected geographical region. For C. galapagoense, only one accession with unknown geographic information was available and is not presented on the map. b Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree and population structure of the core pepper accessions. c, d Principal component (PC) analysis, PC1 versus PC2 (c) and PC2 versus PC3 (d), of the core pepper accessions.