Fig. 3: Solar cells photovoltaic performance.

a SEM cross-sectional image of the device (scale bar: 1 μm). b J-V curves a typical small-area (active area, 0.09 cm2) PSC with a T-Bi/M-Bi electrode based on FACs perovskite. c The corresponding  J-V curve of encapsulated device with an active area of 1 cm2. d Stabilized PCE and VOC of the device with an active area of 1 cm2. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.