Fig. 2: RNF13 becomes more stable upon PAOA stimulation.

a RNF13 protein expression in MPHs treated with BSA or PAOA plus CHX for indicated hour. RNF13 protein expression in MPHs (b) and HepG2 cells (c); cells were treated with DMSO, CHX, CHX plus MG132 or CHX plus CQ for 6 h in the presence of PAOA. d Immunofluorescent staining of exogenous RNF13 (green) and endogenous LAMP1 (red) in HepG2 cells treated with BSA or PAOA for 12 h. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI. Scale bars, 5 μm. e RNF13 protein expression in MPHs treated with CHX, CHX plus MG132 or CHX plus CQ for 6 h in the setting of BSA or PAOA. f, g Ubiquitination of HA-RNF13 in HepG2 cells co-transfected with the indicated plasmids following BSA/PAOA plus CQ treatment. h Ubiquitination of HA-RNF13 in HepG2 cells co-transfected with the indicated plasmids following PAOA plus CQ treatment. i Wild type or mutant RNF13 expression in MPHs infected with AdRnf13 (wild type, upper panel) or AdRnf13 (mutant, lower panel) following BSA or PAOA plus CHX treatment for indicated hour. j Immunofluorescent staining of exogenous RNF13 mutant (cyan) and endogenous LAMP1 (red) in HepG2 cells treated with BSA or PAOA for 12 h. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI. Scale bars, 5 μm. k A schematic diagram showing the state of RNF13 with or without PAOA stimulation. For a–j, at least three independent experiments have been conducted. Data were expressed as mean ± SD. Two-tailed Student’s t-test for a and i, one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc analysis for e. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.