Fig. 5: Synergistic ER stress and oxidative stress inhibition mitigates adipose hypertrophy.

a Representative fluorescence micrographs and (b) quantification of intracellular lipid droplet storage in adipocytes post Nanoemulsion treatment (T-NE, K-NE, KT-NE) on day 7 (n  =  3). Statistical significance was evaluated by an unpaired two-tailed t-test. Scale bar = 30 μm. c Representative fluorescence images and (d) corresponding quantification of intracellular ROS levels in adipocytes following treatment with nanoemulsions (T-NE, K-NE, KT-NE) on day 7 (n  =  4). Statistical significance was evaluated by an unpaired two-tailed t-test. Scale bar = 30 μm. e, f Representative immunofluorescence images and (g) representative western blot analyses, with (h) corresponding quantification of XBP1s and FASN expression in adipocytes treated with T-NE, K-NE, KT-NE on day 7. Scale bar = 30 μm, and scale bar = 7.5 μm in enlarged images. n = 6. Statistical significance was evaluated by an unpaired two-tailed t-test. All experiments were repeated three times independently, with similar results. Source data are provided as a Source Data file. All data was expressed as mean ± SD, ns no significance.