Fig. 6: Performance of decoupled electrolysis for H2 production and hydrazine oxidation.

a Schematic of the decoupled system with p-VHCF mediator electrode for H2 production and hydrazine oxidation with electricity cogeneration. b CV curve of the p-VHCF electrode (black line), the LSV curves of RuO2/IrO2 electrode in 6 M H2SO4 electrolyte (red line) and Pt mesh electrode in 0.5 M H2SO4 + 0.1 M N2H4 electrolyte (purple line). c Chronopotentiometry curve of the decoupled system at a current of 100 mA for H2 generation and at a current of 10 mA for hydrazine oxidation with a charge/discharge capacity of 2.78 mAh. d Practical amounts of obtained H2 and N2, where the Step 1 was performed at 20 mA for 2000 s and Step 2’ at 10 mA for 4000 s. e Gas chromatography data for HzOR (the insert is the V-t curve of the Step 2’ during GC test at 20 mA). f The Polarization and power density curves of p-VHCF-N2H4 battery. g Schematic of decoupled electrolysis system driven by solar cell in Step 1 for high-rate H2 production at day-time, followed by the hydrazine oxidation with electricity generation in Step 2’ at night-time. h The I-t curve of the Step 1 driven by Si solar cell. i The V-t curve of the Step 2’ with a discharge current of 1 mA.