Fig. 4: Follow-up multi-factor GRM-SEM model in the SSC.
From: Structural models of genome-wide covariance identify multiple common dimensions in autism
a Scree plot based on the eigenvalue decomposition of genetic correlations derived from a GRM-SEM Cholesky model, depicting the number of estimated shared genetic factors (in black) according to an optimal coordinate criterion. The dashed line indicates the “scree” of the plot (grey). b Path diagram depicting the best-fitting multi-factor GRM-SEM IPC model based on largely comparable phenotypes as studied in SPARK. Observed measures are represented by squares and latent variables by circles (AF: shared genetic factor, AS: specific genetic factor, E: residual factor). Single-headed arrows define factor loadings (shown with their corresponding SEs). The genetic part of the model has been modelled using an Independent Pathway model. Grey dotted and coloured solid arrows define shared genetic factor loadings with p > 0.05 and p ≤ 0.05, respectively. Black dotted lines define specific genetic factor loadings with p > 0.05. The residual part has been modelled using a Cholesky model and all residual factor loadings are shown in grey. The full parameter table is shown in Supplementary Data 7. Evidence for GRM-SEM factor loadings was assessed with Wald tests (two-sided). Given the multivariate design, no adjustment for multiple comparisons was carried out. c Corresponding standardised genetic variance (GRM-SEM h2SNP) plot. SEs for GRM-SEM h2SNP contributions have been omitted for clarity. d Corresponding correlogram of genetic correlations (rg). Numeric values for genetic correlations that are not predicted by the genetic model structure were omitted. AF1,2,3 (Genetic factor 1,2,3), h2SNP (Single nucleotide polymorphism-based heritability), IPC (Independent Pathway-Cholesky GRM-SEM model), ODD (Oppositional Defiant Disorder).
