Fig. 2: Schematic and experimental proof of the magnetic pinning mechanism.
From: Interface-induced dual-pinning mechanism enhances low-frequency electromagnetic wave loss
a Schematic diagram of the magnetic pinning mechanism. The red and blue shades represent the ferromagnetic (FM) and antiferromagnetic (AFM) phases, respectively. Exchange bias is a phenomenon that occurs when ferromagnetism (NFO) and antiferromagnetism (BFO) are coupled to produce a shift in the hysteresis loop through field cooling at temperatures above the Néel temperature (TN) and below the Curie temperature (TC). HEB denotes the exchange bias field. b M–H curves. c Enlarged M–H curves for NFO@BFO and NFO/BFO. d SFD plot. e M vs 1/H2 plots. The R2 of the linear fits for NFO@BFO and NFO/BFO are 0.9988 and 0.9989, respectively. Analysis of magnetic parameters of NFO@BFO@PPy and NFO/BFO@PPy f permeability real part. g permeability imaginary part. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
