Fig. 1: Illustration of the near-strain-free operation of the TiN NT-incorporated garnet-type SE-based AFSSB.

a Schematic of the conventional AFSSB configuration (with Cu as an anode) during the charging/discharging process. b Schematic of the TiN NT-incorporated AFSSB during the charging/discharging process. c Cross-sectional SEM image and corresponding EDS images of the TiN NT-incorporated AFSSB.