Fig. 2: The elucidation of dose-rate effects from electron diffraction and kinetic model of nonclassical reversible radiolysis.
a Serial electron diffraction patterns collected over a [1\(\bar{1}\)0] projected UiO-66(Hf) crystal and under a dose rate of 1.0 e− Å−2 s−1. b Radially averaged electron diffraction patterns and their projections spanning along accumulated electron dose. Red rectangular region refers to the profiled Bragg reflection at Q = 2.8 nm−1. c The exponential fitting of diffraction intensity decay curve as a function of accumulated electron dose. d Dose-rate effect calculated based on the kinetic model of nonclassical reversible radiolysis, which is plotted by dimensionless parameters for critical dose (\(\widetilde{m}\)) versus dose rate (\(\widetilde{n}\)), respectively. α refers to a dimensionless factor for the damage-to-repair ratio at unitary dose rate. The \(\widetilde{m}\) value scales the critical dose for classical radiolysis while the \(\widetilde{n}\) value scales the unitary dose rate.
