Fig. 4: Intermittent fasting reduces alpha-synuclein pathology.

A Representative, high magnification images of the SN from animals, stained for TH (red on overlay images), phospho-aSyn (green) and human aSyn (blue). Scale bar: 50 µm. B Representative, high magnification images of the STR from animals, stained for TH (red on overlay images), phospho-aSyn (green) and human aSyn (blue). Scale bar: 50 µm. C Normalized number of phopspho-aSyn-positive neurons in the SN. Numbers were normalized to the rAAV-aSyn–AL group. Box and whisker plots, middle line: median, +: mean, circles: individual animals; n = 7, two-sided t-test. D Ratio of phospho-aSyn-positive neurons within human aSyn-positive neurons in the SN. Numbers were normalized to the rAAV-aSyn–AL group. Box and whisker plots, middle line: median, +: mean, circles: individual animals; n = 7, two-sided t-test, p = 0.0282. E Normalized density of phospho-aSyn-positive fibers in the STR. Numbers were normalized to the rAAV-aSyn–AL group. Box and whisker plots, median: middle line; mean: +, circles: individual animals; n = 7, two-sided t-test, p = 0.0006. F Ratio of phospho-aSyn-positive fibers within human aSyn-positive fibers in the STR. Numbers were normalized to the rAAV-aSyn–AL group. Box and whisker plots, middle line: median, +: mean, circles: individual animals; n = 7, two-sided t-test, p = 0.0076. G Representative immunoblots of the Triton X-100 soluble fraction showing rodent aSyn and βIII tubulin (upper panel), and human aSyn (lower panel) signal. H Representative immunoblots of the Triton X-100 insoluble fraction showing human aSyn and βIII tubulin (upper panel), and rodent aSyn (lower panel) signal. I Ratio of the human αSyn signal in the Triton X-100 insoluble and Triton X-100 soluble fractions. Numbers were normalized to the rAAV-aSyn–AL group. Box and whisker plots, middle line: median, +: mean, circles: individual animals; n = 5, two-sided t-test, p = 0.0359. J Ratio of the endogenous αSyn signal in the Triton X-100 insoluble and Triton X-100 soluble fractions. Numbers were normalized to the rAAV-aSyn–AL group. Box and whisker plots, middle line: median, +: mean, circles: individual animals; n = 5, two-sided t-test, p = 0.0148. Box and whiskers plots: box: 25th to 75th percentiles, whiskers: from the smallest to the largest value. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.