Fig. 1: Inhibition of HMGA1 up-regulates the expression of innate immunity and inflammatory cytokines.

a HMGA1 was knocked down by shHMGA1-1 in KYSE-30 cells, and RNA sequencing was performed on these cells. KEGG pathway analysis shows enrichment of genes involved in the immune system. b Heatmap showing the gene expression levels of inflammation-related cytokines and chemokines. c RNAs were extracted from KYSE-30 cells transfected with shNC, shHMGA1-1, and shHMGA1-2. After reverse transcription, qPCR was performed to detect the expression of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) and ISGs-related inflammatory factors. d Supernatants from KYSE-30 cells transfected with shNC, shHMGA1-1, and shHMGA1-2 were collected, and the contents of IFN-α, IFN-β, CXCL10, and CCL5 were measured using ELISA kits. e RNAs were extracted from KYSE-70 cells transduced with either an empty vector (EV) or an HMGA1 overexpression (oeHMGA1) construct. After reverse transcription, qPCR was performed to detect the expression of ISGs and ISGs-related inflammatory factors. f Supernatants from KYSE-70 cells transduced with either EV or oeHMGA1 were collected, and the contents of IFN-α, IFN-β, CXCL10, and CCL5 were measured using ELISA kits. ns, no statistical difference. KEGG: Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes. Data are presented as mean ± SD. Statistical significance was determined by two-tailed unpaired t-test (c–f). Sample sizes: (c, e) n  =  4; (d, f) n  =  3 independent experiments. Source data are provided in the Source Data file.