Fig. 5: Local injection of MSN@PA with reduced frequency promotes recovery of tendinopathy by boosting macrophage polarization.

a Scheme of local delivery design. b HE and Masson’s trichrome stainings of neo-tendons from MSNs, PA, and MSN@PA groups at 5 weeks. Scale bar, 100 μm. c Representative Sirius red staining and polarized light images of repaired tendons from the PBS and PA groups at 5 weeks. Scale bar, 100 μm. d Immunofluorescence staining of FMOD and TNMD in repaired tendons from the PBS and PA groups at 5 weeks. Scale bar, 100 μm. e Semi-quantification of d. f Immunofluorescence staining of iNOS and CD206 in repaired tendons from the PBS and PA groups at 5 weeks. Scale bar, 100 μm. g Semi-quantification of f. h Immunohistochemical staining of IL-6 and TNF-α in repaired tendons from PBS and PA groups at 5 weeks. Scale bar, 100 μm. i Semi-quantification of h. j Immunofluorescence staining of p-STAT1 in repaired tendons from the PBS and PA groups at 5 weeks. Scale bar, 100 μm. Data are presented as mean ± SD. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 and ****p < 0.0001, n = 6.