Fig. 3: Breast milk microbiota composition in mothers with high and low responses at one week post-second dose of BNT162b2 (N = 43; High IgA: 18, Low IgA: 25).

a Bacteria diversity. b Bacteria richness. P value comparing the diversity and richness were given by Wilcoxon rank-sum test. c Principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) of breast milk microbiota composition of mothers with high- and low-IgA levels at one week post-second dose of BNT162b2. p value was given by PERMANOVA. d Linear discriminant analysis effect size analysis of discriminant taxa in breast milk microbiome of mothers with high- and low-IgA levels at one week post-second dose of BNT162b2. LDA linear discriminant analysis. Elements on boxplots: centre line, median; box limits, upper and lower quartiles; whiskers, 1.5×IQR.