Fig. 4: Effect of electronic configuration on light absorption and carrier lifetime.
From: Metal-centred states control carrier lifetimes in transition metal oxide photocatalysts
a, The light harvesting potential in various transition metal-containing light absorbers measured as a percentage of absorbed solar power for an AM 1.5 solar spectrum, assuming full absorption of photons with an energy above the absorption onset. b, The half-lifetime of reactive charges at the lowest used fluence, including literature values for TiO2 (ref. 38), WO3 (ref. 42), ZnO (ref. 43), MAPI40 and CIGSe41. c, The electronic state diagram summarizing the possible localization and recombination processes upon photoexcitation. We note that defect states can also contribute to LF relaxation and polaron recombination.
