Extended Data Fig. 1: The mean memory timescales obtained by fitting an arctangent function.
From: Observed multi-decadal increase in the surface ocean’s thermal inertia

a-e. The mean memory timescales (\(\overline{\tau }\)) of SST anomalies over a 42-year period (1982-2023). Optimal coefficients for the arctangent function are determined using 2, 5, 10, 20, and 30 consecutive autocorrelation coefficients of SST anomalies, spanning from 0-lag to the lag (n − 1).