Extended Data Fig. 3: Sucrose abundances varied across a day/night cycle in plant leaves and sediment pore water.

a, In situ light levels across 24 hours in a Mediterranean P. oceanica meadow off the Island of Elba, Italy (> 2 m water depth). a-d, Violin plots show the relative abundance of sucrose g-1 tissue plant wet weight in b, leaves, c, rhizomes, and d, roots at each sampling time point. Linear models show that sucrose relative abundances were significantly higher in plant leaves at dusk (t = 20:00) than at other times. e, Violin plots showing sucrose concentrations measured in sediment pore waters at each sampling time point. A linear mixed effects model with a random effect of sampling spot shows sucrose concentrations significantly changed throughout the day and were higher during the daylight hours then after midnight (t = 0:00) and before dawn (t = 5:00). The means of each sampling time point (black points) are connected by solid lines. For e, sucrose concentrations greater than the limits of quantification are represented as 200 µM. All statistical results are reported in Supplementary Table 2 and Supplementary Table 3. All data points were transformed before statistical analyses to meet assumptions of normality.