Extended Data Fig. 4: pfcrt and pfaat1 allele frequency distributions and correlations in African countries.

A. pfcrt allele distribution in African countries. B. pfaat1 allele distribution in African countries. C. Correlations in allele frequencies between pfcrt (CVIET) and pfaat1 (S258L). Frequencies of the CVIET haplotype for amino acids 72-76 in pfcrt are significantly correlated with allele frequencies of pfaat1 S258L in West Africa (R2 = 0.65, p = 0.0017, red dashed line) or across all African populations (R2 = 0.44, p = 0.0021). Point size indicates sample numbers, while color indicates sampling locations. We used t-test to establish if the Pearson’s r statistic differs significantly from zero.