Extended Data Fig. 3: Histopathological analysis on murine distal colonic sections.

a-d, Histopathological scores for intestinal inflammation of murine distal colons comparison between groups in three main general criteria (features), with indicative severity scale (minimal, mild, moderate and marked). There were 8 groups of mice (n = 5 each group) including control groups (Control and ABX) and 6 experimental groups (3 groups of pfoA+ and 3 groups of pfoA-). The box in boxplot represents 50% of the central data, in between lower and upper quartile, with a central line representing the median while whiskers show the most extreme data points. All statistical analyses were performed with Kruskal-Wallis test and post-hoc Dunn’s test of multiple comparisons with P values adjusted by Benjamini-Hochberg method, unless otherwise stated. Significance was tested against untreated group, otherwise significance brackets will be used in pairwise comparison. a, Inflammatory infiltrate: immune cell infiltration (score value: 0–4). b, Epithelial changes: epithelial hyperplasia and goblet cell loss (score value: 0–5). c, Mucosal architecture: villous blunting (score value: 0–5). d, Total score (additive score value: 0–14). Increments in score value denotes increasing severity. Scoring was based on two H&E-stained images per distal colon.