Extended Data Fig. 5: TLS gene signature in cohorts treated by ICB.

a, Progression-free survival (PFS) and TLS gene signature in the Danish cohort of patients treated with anti-CTLA4. P value from Cox regression. b, TLS gene signature in relation to tumour mutational load, in data from a previous publication²⁷ (n = 40 melanoma tumours). P value from Kruskal–Wallis test. c, Survival analyses on data from a previous study²⁸, stratified according to whether patients are naive to anti-CTLA4 treatment or have progressed on anti-CTLA4. P values from Cox regression. d, Meta Cox regression analysis across the four cohorts treated using ICB (n = 186). P values from Cox regression adjusted for study. e, TLS gene signature of pretreatment (n = 16) and on-treatment samples (n = 10) in relation to therapy response in data from a previous publication³⁰. P value from two-sided t-test. f, TLS gene signature of pretreatment (n = 38) and on-treatment (n = 39) samples in relation to RECIST response in data from a previous study²⁸. P value from ANOVA test. g, TLS gene-signature score in 13 melanoma tumours that were also stained for CD20 protein. As an example, the tumour with the third highest score had TLSs. The two top tumours also had TLSs, whereas the other tumours did not. In the box plots in b, d, e, centre lines represent the median, the box limits represent the lower and upper quartiles, and the whiskers extend to the most extreme values within 1.5× IQR.