Fig. 4: cHA vaccination in humans robustly recalls MBCs targeting the anchor epitope.
From: Broadly neutralizing antibodies target a haemagglutinin anchor epitope
a, cHA vaccine trial design including vaccine groups (right; group 1 n = 10 participants; group 2 n = 7 participants; group 4 n = 7 participants; group 3 and 5 n = 6). i.m., intramuscular; i.n., intranasal; LAIV, live-attenuated influenza vaccine; PBS, phosphate buffered saline. Bottle images created with BioRender.com. b, c, Fold change by participant of serum antibodies competing for binding to the anchor and CS epitopes after the prime (d29/d1; b) and the boost (d113/85; c). d, e, Proportion of participants who seroconverted (d) and half-maximal effective concentration titres (EC50; e) to the anchor and CS epitopes. Individuals in the cHA (IIV + AS03) cohort were those who received the cHA vaccine with adjuvant (cH8/1 IIV + AS03 prime and cH5/1 IIV + AS03 boost; n = 17 donors) and the IIV cohort were those who received licensed IIV vaccines (2009 monovalent inactivated influenza vaccine, 2010 trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine and 2014 quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine; n = 11 donors). Data in b, c and e are mean ± s.d. The dotted line represents the limit of detection. Data in b and c were analysed by two-tailed non-parametric Kruskal–Wallis tests. Data in d were analysed by Fisher’s exact test. Data in e were analysed by two-tailed unpaired non-parametric Mann–Whitney test. See also Extended Data Fig. 6.
