Fig. 3: The pervasiveness of ecological unsaturation.
From: Post-extinction recovery of the Phanerozoic oceans and biodiversity hotspots
a–l, Spatial distribution of the diversity-to-Keff ratio in deep-sea habitats and flooded continental regions of the Early Devonian (Emsian, 400 Ma; a,e,i), Late Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian, 300 Ma; b,f,j), Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian, 70 Ma; c,g,k) and the present day (d,h,l) generated by the calibrated logistic model after imposing the pattern of mass extinctions extracted from the fossil diversity curve of ref. 20 (a–d), ref. 21 (e–h) and ref. 22 (i–l). The full Phanerozoic sequences are shown in Supplementary Video 4. m–o, Frequency distributions (area percentage) of the diversity-to-Keff ratio for the flooded continental regions generated by the calibrated logistic model after imposing the pattern of mass extinctions extracted from the fossil diversity curve of ref. 20 (m), ref. 21 (n) and ref. 22 (o). The grey lines are the frequency distributions generated from model simulations using the first 15 parameter settings listed in Extended Data Table 2. The coloured dots are average values for different Phanerozoic times.
