Extended Data Fig. 1: Impact of gravity and UV irradiation on predicted SO2 molar fraction.
From: SO2, silicate clouds, but no CH4 detected in a warm Neptune

The base model (shown in black in each panel) has an intrinsic temperature of 400 K, a solar C/O ratio, a metallicity of 10× solar, a log10(Kzz, cgs) = 10 and uses the spectral energy distribution (SED) of HD 85512 (ref. 34)—used as a proxy for WASP-107—as input stellar spectrum (see Supplementary Information). a, Pressure–temperature profile for a gravity g of 2.6 m s−2 (black, purple and brown), 4.3 m s−2 (blue) and 10 m s−2 (orange). b, Predicted SO2 molar fractions for different gravity values, with colours corresponding to panel a. Whereas the black curve uses the HD 85512 SED as input spectrum, the purple curve uses the WASP-39 SED instead (see Supplementary Information) and the brown curve the HD 85512 SED scaled with a factor of 100.