Fig. 4: Examples of functional tail engineering.
From: Designer phospholipid capping ligands for soft metal halide nanocrystals

a, Synthesis scheme for PEA ligands tested in this work, with 21 ligand tails shown in Extended Data Fig. 6. b–g, Different tails enable matching of the solvent polarity (b) with highly specific dispersibility, shown for FAPbBr3 NCs (c–e) capped with aliphatic (c), aromatic (d), halogenated (e) tails and CsPbBr3 NCs (f,g) with polyether tails. h, PPG-PEA-capped CsPbBr3 NCs in PGMEA at a concentration of 2 g (CsPbBr3) per ml of dispersion. i–k, Engineering inter-NC distance in monolayers of CsPbBr3 NCs capped with PEA ligands with polystyrene tails by adjusting the ligand molecular weight: Mn = 900 Da (h), 1,200 Da (i) and 5,000 Da (j). Scale bars, 20 nm (i–k, main).