Fig. 1: iCoMoNSC neurons form functional networks.
From: A model of human neural networks reveals NPTX2 pathology in ALS and FTLD
a, Immunofluorescence detection of NSC markers in iCoMoNSCs (representative image from two repeats). b,c, Uniform manifold approximation and projection (UMAP) of iCoMoNSCs integrated with cells from three independent NSC lines (b) and corresponding annotated clusters (c). d, Percentage of cell distribution per sample across clusters. r1 and r2 indicate replicates 1 and 2, respectively. e,f, Immunofluorescence of 1.5-month-old human neural cultures stained with neuronal (e) or astrocytic (f) markers. Synaptic marker immunofluorescence at 3 months for SYP (g) and SNAP-25 (h). e–h, Representative images from two repeats. i Electron microscopy of SNS, showing pre- and postsynaptic compartments. j, western blot of SNS fractions. i,j, 3-month-old culture. One experiment. k, Population spike time histograms (top) and raster plots (bottom) of human neurons (representative data visualization). l,m, Heat maps of percentage changes in network (l) or single-cell and subcellular (m) metrics. Number of chips used: 10 (middle stage) and 10 (old), normalized to 7 (young). AE, active electrodes; BD, burst duration; BL, branch length; Bu/min, bursts per minute; HWHM, half width half maximum; IBI, inter-burst interval; IBI cv, IBI coefficient of variation; ISI cv, inter-spike interval coefficient of variation; MFR, mean firing rate; MSA, mean spike amplitude; PTr, peak-to-trough ratio; PtV, peak-to-valley; RecS, recovery slope; RepS, repolarization slope; Vel, velocity. n, HD-MEA electrical image or ‘footprint’ showing the 2D spatial distribution maps of the electrical activity in terms of action potential amplitude (voltage) of three neurons from young (top), middle stage (center) and old (bottom) cultures. (representative data visualization of branch length in m). Colour scale represents action potential amplitude. Scale bars: 50 µm (a,e,f), 10 µm (g,h) and 250 nm (i).
